The Macintosh (mainly Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. Since January 1984. The original Macintosh is the first successful mass-market personal computer to have featured a graphical user interface, built-in screen, and mouse. Apple sold the Macintosh alongside its popular Apple II, Apple III, and Apple Lisa families of computers. Testing conducted by Apple in October 2020 using preproduction Mac mini systems with Apple M1 chip, and production 3.6GHz quad‑core Intel Core i3‑based Mac mini systems, all configured with 16GB of RAM and 2TB SSD. Open source project built with prerelease Xcode 12.2 with Apple Clang 12.0.0, Ninja 1.10.0.git, and CMake 3.16.5. If your are really good any OS is fine. OS X can make things easier at times. So can Ubuntu for that matters. There's nothing you can do in OS X that you can't do in ubuntu, data science wise. In windows you may miss a lot of the small unix tools. All the rest is bullshit.
Macintosh Plus at the Museo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología in Spain | |
Also known as | M0001A |
---|---|
Manufacturer | Apple Computer, Inc. |
Product family | Compact Macintosh |
Release date | January 16, 1986; 35 years ago |
Introductory price | US$2,599 (equivalent to $6,060 in 2019) |
Discontinued | October 15, 1990 |
Operating system | System 3.0 - 7.5.5 (except 7.5.2) |
CPU | Motorola 68000 @ 8 MHz |
Memory | 1 MB RAM, expandable to 4 MB (150 ns 30-pin SIMM) |
Display | 9 in (23 cm) monochrome, 512 × 342 |
Graphics | 72 ppi |
Dimensions | Height: 13.6 in (35 cm) Width: 9.6 in (24 cm) Depth: 10.9 in (28 cm) |
Mass | 16.5 lb (7.5 kg) |
Predecessor | Macintosh 512K Macintosh XL |
Successor | Macintosh SE Macintosh Classic |
The Macintosh Plus computer is the third model in the Macintosh line, introduced on January 16, 1986, two years after the original Macintosh and a little more than a year after the Macintosh 512K, with a price tag of US$2599.[1] As an evolutionary improvement over the 512K, it shipped with 1 MB of RAM standard, expandable to 4 MB, and an external SCSI peripheral bus, among smaller improvements. Originally, the computer's case was the same beige color as the original Macintosh, Pantone 453,[2] however in 1987, the case color was changed to the long-lived, warm gray 'Platinum' color.[3] It is the earliest Macintosh model able to run System 7.
Overview[edit]
Bruce Webster of BYTE reported a rumor in December 1985: 'Supposedly, Apple will be releasing a Big Mac by the time this column sees print: said Mac will reportedly come with 1 megabyte of RAM . the new 128K-byte ROM . and a double-sided (800K bytes) disk drive, all in the standard Mac box'.[4] Introduced as the Macintosh Plus, it was the first Macintosh model to include a SCSI port, which launched the popularity of external SCSI devices for Macs, including hard disks, tape drives, CD-ROM drives, printers, Zip Drives, and even monitors.[5] The SCSI implementation of the Plus was engineered shortly before the initial SCSI spec was finalized and, as such, is not 100% SCSI-compliant. SCSI ports remained standard equipment for all Macs until the introduction of the iMac in 1998.
The Macintosh Plus was the last classic Mac to have a phone cord-like port on the front of the unit for the keyboard, as well as the DE-9 connector for the mouse; models released after the Macintosh Plus would use ADB ports. Casino compared to what.
The Mac Plus was the first Apple computer to utilize user-upgradable SIMM memory modules instead of single DIP DRAM chips. Four SIMM slots were provided and the computer shipped with four 256K SIMMs, for 1MB total RAM. By replacing them with 1MB SIMMs, it was possible to have 4MB of RAM. (Although 30-pin SIMMs could support up to 16MB total RAM, the Mac Plus motherboard had only 22 address lines connected, for a 4MB maximum.)
It has what was then a new 3+1⁄2-inch double-sided 800 KB floppy drive, offering double the capacity of floppy disks from previous Macs, along with backward compatibility. The then-new drive is controlled by the same IWM chip as in previous models, implementing variable speedGCR. The drive was still completely incompatible with PC drives. The 800 KB drive has two read/write heads, enabling it to simultaneously use both sides of the floppy disk and thereby double storage capacity. Like the 400 KB drive before it, a companion Macintosh 800K External Drive was an available option. However, with the increased disk storage capacity combined with 2-4x the available RAM, the external drive was less of a necessity than it had been with the 128K and 512K.
The Mac Plus has 128 KB of ROM on the motherboard, which is double the amount of ROM in previous Macs; the ROMs included software to support SCSI, the then-new 800 KB floppy drive, and the Hierarchical File System (HFS), which uses a true directory structure on disks (as opposed to the earlier MFS, Macintosh File System in which all files were stored in a single directory, with one level of pseudo-folders overlaid on them). For programmers, the fourth Inside Macintosh volume details how to use HFS and the rest of the Mac Plus's new system software. The Plus still did not include provision for an internal hard drive and it would be over nine months before Apple would offer a SCSI drive replacement for the slow Hard Disk 20. It would be well over a year before Apple would offer the first internal hard disk drive in any Macintosh.
Xuluv mac os. A compact Mac, the Plus has a 9-inch (23 cm) 512 × 342 pixel monochrome display with a resolution of 72 PPI, identical to that of previous Macintosh models.[6] Play wonder 4 slot for free. Unlike earlier Macs, the Mac Plus's keyboard includes a numeric keypad and directional arrow keys and, as with previous Macs, it has a one-button mouse and no fan, making it extremely quiet in operation. The lack of a cooling fan in the Mac Plus led to frequent problems with overheating and hardware malfunctions.
The applications MacPaint and MacWrite were bundled with the Mac Plus. After August 1987, HyperCard and MultiFinder were also bundled. Third-party software applications available included MacDraw, Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint, as well as Aldus PageMaker. Microsoft Excel and PowerPoint (originally by Forethought) were actually developed and released first for the Macintosh, and similarly Microsoft Word 1 for Macintosh was the first time a GUI version of that software was introduced on any personal computer platform. For a time, the exclusive availability of Excel and PageMaker on the Macintosh were noticeable drivers of sales for the platform.
The case design is essentially identical to the original Macintosh. It debuted in beige and was labeled Macintosh Plus on the front, but Macintosh Plus 1 MB on the back, to denote the 1 MB RAM configuration with which it shipped. In January 1987 it transitioned to Apple's long-lived platinum-gray color with the rest of the Apple product line, and the keyboard's keycaps changed from brown to gray. In January 1988, with reduced RAM prices, Apple began shipping 2- and 4- MB configurations and rebranded it simply as 'Macintosh Plus.' Among other design changes, it included the same trademarked inlaid Apple logo and recessed port icons as the Apple IIc and IIGS before it, but it essentially retained the original design.
An upgrade kit was offered for the earlier Macintosh 128K and Macintosh 512K/enhanced, which includes a new motherboard, floppy disk drive and rear case. The owner retained the front case, monitor and analog board. Because of this, there is no 'Macintosh Plus' on the front of upgraded units, and the Apple logo is recessed and in the bottom left hand corner of the front case. However, the label on the back of the case reads 'Macintosh Plus 1MB'. The new extended Plus keyboard could also be purchased. Unfortunately, this upgrade cost almost as much as a new machine.
The Mac Plus itself can be upgraded further with the use of third-party accelerators. When these are clipped or soldered onto the 68000 processor, a 32 MHz 68030 processor can be used, and up to 16 MB RAM. This allows it to run Mac OS 7.6.1.[7]
There is a program available called Mini vMac that can emulate a Mac Plus on a variety of platforms, including Unix, Windows, DOS, classic Mac OS, macOS, Pocket PC, iOS and even Nintendo DS.
Long production life[edit]
Although the Macintosh Plus would become overshadowed by two new Macintoshes, the Macintosh SE and the Macintosh II in March 1987, it remained in production as a cheaper alternative until the introduction of the Macintosh Classic on October 15, 1990. This made the Macintosh Plus the longest-produced Macintosh ever, having been on sale unchanged for 1,734 days, until the 2nd generation Mac Pro, introduced on December 19, 2013, surpassed the record on September 18, 2018. (it would ultimately last for 2,182 days before being discontinued on December 10, 2019) (Second to the Mid 2012 13 inch (unibody) Macbook Pro that has been on sale from June,11,2012 to October,27,2016 spanning 4 years, 4 months, and 16 days this macbooks holds the title of the longest-produced MacBook Pro ever) It continued to be supported by versions of the classic Mac OS up to version 7.5.5, released in 1996. Additionally, during its period of general market relevance, it was heavily discounted like the 512K/512Ke before it and offered to the educational market badged as the 'Macintosh Plus ED'.[8] Due to its popularity, long life and its introduction of many features that would become mainstays of the Macintosh platform for years, the Plus was a common 'base model' for many software and hardware products.
Problems[edit]
The lack of fan could cause the life of a Macintosh Plus to end early for some users. The dream team mac os. As the power supply would heat up, solder joints inside it would fracture causing many problems, such as loss of deflection in the monitor or a complete loss of power. As in most early compact Macs, the problem was common in the yoke connector, flyback transformer, and horizontal drive coupling capacitor.[9] A fan was also often added to reduce heat when the machine was upgraded to its full RAM capacity of 4 MB.[10]
From the debut of the Macintosh 128K through the Macintosh Plus, various third-party cooling add-ons were available to help increase airflow through the unit. Apple reorganized the compact Macintosh case to accommodate a fan with the release of the Macintosh SE, which optionally included a heat-generating internal hard disk.
ROM revisions[edit]
The Plus went through two ROM revisions during its general market relevance. The initial ROM was replaced after the first two months as it had a serious bug which prevented the Mac from booting if an external SCSI device was powered off. The second revision fixed a problem with some SCSI devices that could send the Mac into an endless reset at POST.[11] Pain(t) mac os.
Emulators[edit]
Timeline of compact Macintosh models
References[edit]
- ^'The 25 Greatest PCs of All Time'. PCWorld. August 11, 2006. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^'History of computer design: Apple Macintosh'. Landsnail.com. May 17, 1998. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^'History of computer design: Macintosh Plus'. Landsnail.com. May 17, 1998. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^Webster, Bruce (December 1985). 'Microcomputer Color Graphics-Observations'. BYTE. p. 405. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
- ^Knight, Dan. 'ScuzzyGraph and ScuzzyGraph II'. Low End Mac. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
- ^'Macintosh Plus: Technical Specifications'. Apple.
- ^'Mac Plus'. Low End Mac. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^[1]
- ^'Classic Mac Repair Notes'(PDF). 68kmla.org. Archived from the original(PDF) on June 6, 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^Still Useful after All These Years -- The Mac Plus
- ^'Technical Notes'. Developer.apple.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2004. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Macintosh Plus. |
- Macintosh Plus technical specifications at apple.com
The Plus went through two ROM revisions during its general market relevance. The initial ROM was replaced after the first two months as it had a serious bug which prevented the Mac from booting if an external SCSI device was powered off. The second revision fixed a problem with some SCSI devices that could send the Mac into an endless reset at POST.[11] Pain(t) mac os.
Emulators[edit]
Timeline of compact Macintosh models
References[edit]
- ^'The 25 Greatest PCs of All Time'. PCWorld. August 11, 2006. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^'History of computer design: Apple Macintosh'. Landsnail.com. May 17, 1998. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^'History of computer design: Macintosh Plus'. Landsnail.com. May 17, 1998. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^Webster, Bruce (December 1985). 'Microcomputer Color Graphics-Observations'. BYTE. p. 405. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
- ^Knight, Dan. 'ScuzzyGraph and ScuzzyGraph II'. Low End Mac. Retrieved July 10, 2015.
- ^'Macintosh Plus: Technical Specifications'. Apple.
- ^'Mac Plus'. Low End Mac. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^[1]
- ^'Classic Mac Repair Notes'(PDF). 68kmla.org. Archived from the original(PDF) on June 6, 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
- ^Still Useful after All These Years -- The Mac Plus
- ^'Technical Notes'. Developer.apple.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2004. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Macintosh Plus. |
- Macintosh Plus technical specifications at apple.com
You will need to run as 'root' to connect. Motorbike gp mac os.
System Requirements
- A modern version of OS X: openconnect is should work on most recent OS X versions. It has been tested and seems to function correctly as far back as 10.9.
- Mac OS X TUN/TAP driver, which allows for creation of the virtual network interface.
Installing openconnect
Install using homebrew or macports
Small Scientist Mac Os X
The built openconnect package is available using macports or homebrew. You can install using one of these two programs, then install the TUN/TAP driver. You will need administrative privileges on the machine you are installing this on.
- Install homebrew or Macports.
- Open Terminal and update the package cache using the command
- Install the openconnect package using the command:
- If using macports, you can use the command:
- Install the Mac OS X TUN/TAP driver
- Optional: If you would like to run openconnect without admin privileges, you can add a line to your sudoers file to allow this. The line could look something like this:
Building from source
For advanced users only Ufho 2 mac os.
Building openconnect from source will not be necessary for most users, as in general the prepackaged version from macports or homebrew will fulfill most needs. If you need the most recent version and it is not available, you can build it yourself.
- Ensure you have the dependencies needed for the package.
- Install the vpnc script to /etc/vpnc/vpnc-script
- Check the source code out from the openconnect Git repository or download a tarball from the openconnect website.
- Untar the code to a directory and build and install it with:
- Optional: if you would like to run openconnect without admin privileges, you can add a line to your sudoers file to allow this. The line could look something like this:
Running openconnect
- From the Terminal, run
- You will be prompted for your Kerberos password, and then the VPN client will connect.
- Once connected, you will have an IP address that begins with 18.100. You can verify this using ifconfig, and checking the address for tun0.
To disconnect, simply press Ctrl-C in the terminal window to end the program.